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Compendium of Materia Medica
The ''Compendium of'' Materia Medica, also known by the romanizations Bencao Gangmu or Pen-tsao Kang-mu, is a Chinese ''materia medica'' work written by Li Shizhen during the Ming Dynasty. It is a work epitomizing the ''materia medica'' known at the time. The ''Compendium of'' Materia Medica is regarded as the most complete and comprehensive medical book ever written in the history of traditional Chinese medicine. It lists all the plants, animals, minerals, and other items that were believed to have medicinal properties.
The text consists of 1,892 entries, each entry with its own name called a ''gang''. The ''mu'' in the title refers to the synonyms of each name.
==Name==
The title, which Unschuld〔Unschuld (1986), 145.〕 translates as "''Materia Medica'', Arranged according to Drug Descriptions and Technical Aspects", uses two Chinese compounds. ''Bencao'' (''Pen-tsao''; "roots and herbs; based on herbs, pharmacopeia, ''materia medica''") combines ''ben'' (''pen''; 本 "root; origin; basis") and ''cao'' (''tsao''; 草 "grass; plant; herb"). ''Gangmu'' (''Kang-mu''; "detailed outline; table of contents") combines ''gang'' (''kang''; 綱 "main rope, hawser; main threads, essential principles") and ''mu'' (目 "eye; look; category, division").
The characters 綱 and 目 were later used as "class" and "order", respectively, in biological classification.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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